1690
Battle of the Boyne
The Battle of the Boyne marks a decisive defeat for the pro-Catholic forces of King James II by King William III and the end of Irish hopes for a Catholic King in England.
Following the Treaty of Limerick, many of the remaining Irish Catholic gentry flee for the continent (“Flight of the Wild Geese”).
By 1703 Catholics own less than 10 per cent of the land in Ireland.